ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the microcirculation formation mechanism of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography imaging performance in rabbits with limb muscle crush injury.Methods:Seventy-two New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into two groups. A limb muscle crush injury model was created by airing a balloon cuff device with a force of 40 kPa. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography parameters were detected in the first group.In vivo microcirculation parameters were detected in the second group. Fine blood vessel diameter and blood flow velocity were calculated before extrusion and 0.5 h, 2 h, 6 h, 24 h, and 3 days after decompression.Results:Totally six animals died before the end of the experiment (3 rabbits in ultrasonic imaging and microcirculation detection groups, respectively). Compared with the uninjured muscle, the reperfusion of the injured muscle showed early and high enhancement in contrast-enhanced ultrasonography images. The peak intensity and area under the curve were significantly higher than those of the control subgroup at each time point after decompression(all P<0.05), and reached the peak at 24 h after decompression. The time-intensity curve showed a trend of rapid elevation and gradual drop. In the microcirculation group, compared with the control group, fine artery and vein diameters in the experimental group were wider and the blood flow velocity was slower, especially in the fine veins(all P<0.05). At each time point after decompression, there was a statistical difference between the control subgroup and the control subgroup, and the change reached the peak at 24 h after decompression. The blood flow state showed that the arterioles were dominated by linear flow and linear grain flow at each time point after decompression, and linear grain flow, grain flow and grain pendulum flow were observed in the fine veins. Blood flow stagnation and adhesion of white blood cells and white microthrombus were also observed in the fine veins. Correlation analysis showed that the peak intensity and area under the curve were positively correlated with the inner diameter of arterioles and veins( r=0.84, 0.94; r=0.85, 0.94; all P<0.05), and negatively correlated with the flow velocity of arterioles and veins( r=-0.94, -0.96; r=-0.93, -0.96; all P<0.05). Conclusions:In vivo microcirculation detection can reflect changes in muscle microvascular diameter and blood flow velocity, which have a correlation with quantitative ultrasound imaging parameters.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the value of quantitative contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in early diagnosis and monitoring of acute kidney injury (AKI) after limb muscle crush injury.Methods Totally 64 New Zealand white rabbits were selected and divided into experimental group (n=56) and control group (n=8).Models of AKI were prepared by applying cuff balloon pressure in experimental group,while rabbits in the control group was not given pressure.CEUS of the left kidney was performed at 0.5 h,2.0 h,6.0 h,24.0 h,3 days,7 days,14 days after model establishment.Rabbits in experimental group were divided into different subgroups according to different time points.Peak intensity (PI),area under the curve (AUC),ascending slope (AS) and descending slope (DS) were calculated.The serum levels of creatine kinase (CK),lactic dehydrogenase (LDH),blood urea nitrogen (BUN),creatinine (Cr) were measured.Then the rabbits were sacrificed,and the left renal tissues were fixed for histological observation.Results The levels of CK,LDH,BUN and Cr had statistical differences among all subgroups in experimental group and control group (all P＜0.05),of 2.0,6.0,24.0 h and 3 days subgroups in experimental group were significantly higher than those of control group (all P＜0.05).PI,AUC,AS,DS among all subgroups in experimental group and control group had statistical differences (all P＜0.05).Compared with control group,AS and DS decreased in all subgroups in experimental group (all P＜0.05),but there was no statistical differences among all subgroups in experimental group (P＞0.05).Conclusion CEUS can be used to effectively reflect the changes of AKI after crush injury.
ABSTRACT
Objective To review the efficacy of α1-blocker in the treatment of urinary calculi post extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Methods Key words include Urinary calculi, Alpha-blocker, Randomized clinical trail, Ex?tracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy, et al were searched against databases include Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library data?bases and CNKI. All studies that reported effect ofα-blockers post ESWL were eligible for the analysis. Data was extracted through quality assessment and data filtering, then were analysed using RevMan 5.0. Results Fourteen randomized clinical trails with a total of 1 464 patients met the inclusion criteria. Pooled analysis showed a better stone clearance and shorter in?terval between stone fragment discharges (RR=1.21, 95%CI:1.10-1.33, P<0.05) and (SMD=-1.23, 95%CI:-2.09--0.36, P<0.05) respectively afterα1-blocker administration. However, evidence is still not convincible that it can reduced the fre?quency of colic episodes (RR=0.54,95%CI:0.28-1.02, P=0.06). Conclusion α1-blockers facilitates the expulsion of uri?nary calculi shown by a higher expulsion rate, a shorter expulsion interval during treatment. Adjunctive therapy with α1-blockers after ESWL is effective in the treatment of urinary calculi.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the diagnostic value of quantitative contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS) for crush injury in the hind limb muscle of rabbits .Methods A totle of 120 New Zealand white rabbits were randomized to receive compression on the left hind limb for either 2 h( n =56) or 4 h( n = 56) to induce muscle crush injury ,another 8 animals were not injured and served as normal controls .CEUS parameters such as peak intensity(PI) ,area under curve(AUC) ,ascending slop(AS) and descending slop(DS) were measured at 0 5. h ,2 h ,6 h ,24 h ,3 d ,7 d ,14 d after decompression .Results Compared with the uninjured muscle ,reperfusion of the injured muscles showed early and high enhancement in CEUS .The time‐intensity curve showed a trend of rapid lift and gradual drop .The PI and AUC values differed significantly among the three groups and were positively correlated with serum and tissue biomarkers .Rabbits of the 4 h compression group showed significantly higher PI and AUC values compared with the 2 h compression group at each time points .Conclusions CEUS can effectively detect muscle crush injury and monitor dynamic changes of the injured muscle in rabbits .PI and AUC are promising diagnostic parameters for this disease .CEUS might play an important role in the pre‐hospital and bedside settings for the diagnosis of muscle crush injury .